Last Update:
October 10, 2024

Tax Implications To Consider When Dividing Marital Assets In A Military Divorce

In this blog, we explore the tax implications of dividing marital assets in a military divorce, including how retirement accounts can be transferred through QDROs, the tax liability of SBP payments, and the potential capital gains taxes when transferring or selling the marital home. We also emphasize the importance of working with a tax or financial professional to ensure that your asset division is handled correctly to avoid financial pitfalls.

Tax Implications To Consider When Dividing Marital Assets In A Military Divorce

Dividing marital assets in a military divorce is not only emotionally challenging, but it also requires a clear understanding of the tax implications involved. Gaining an understanding of how the transfer of property, retirement accounts, and military-specific benefits are taxed is critical for both parties to leave the marriage on solid financial footing. It is important to note that this blog highlights key considerations and issues, but decisions regarding the tax implications of a divorce should be made with the assistance of a tax or financial professional who can provide advice specific to your situation. Do not rely on this blog for tax or financial advice.

Let’s break down some of the key tax issues that may arise when dividing assets during a divorce, including the handling of retirement accounts, home transfers, and Survivor Benefit Plan (SBP) payments.

1. Dividing Pre-Tax Retirement Accounts: QDROs and Taxes

One of the most common types of marital assets that need to be divided in a military divorce is pre-tax retirement accounts, such as 401(k)s or the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP). When dividing these accounts, the transfer can often be accomplished through a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (QDRO).

A QDRO is a court order that allows retirement plan administrators to divide the retirement account between the service member and the former spouse without immediate tax consequences. While the funds can be transferred without triggering taxes or early withdrawal penalties, it’s important to remember that the recipient spouse will be responsible for paying income taxes on the funds when they eventually make withdrawals.

For example, if a former spouse receives a portion of a 401(k) via a QDRO, they can transfer the funds to their own retirement account or withdraw the funds directly. If they choose to withdraw, those funds will be subject to income taxes at the time of withdrawal. Similarly, military pensions are taxed as regular income when paid out to the former spouse, meaning both parties will need to account for future tax liabilities when negotiating their divorce settlement.

2. Tax Considerations in Dividing the Marital Home

The marital home is often one of the most significant assets in a divorce, and how it is divided can have important tax implications. In many cases, the transfer of the home from one spouse to another can be done without triggering immediate taxes, provided that both parties agree on the terms of the transfer.

Under IRS Code Section 1041, transfers of property between spouses as part of a divorce settlement are generally tax-free, meaning there is no capital gains tax due at the time of the transfer. However, things become more complicated when the spouse who receives the home decides to sell it later. If that spouse sells the home without qualifying for an exclusion (such as the $250,000 capital gains exclusion for single individuals or $500,000 for married couples), they could be liable for significant capital gains taxes.

For example, let’s say a service member keeps the home in the divorce and decides to sell it a few years later. If the property has appreciated significantly since the time of purchase and they do not qualify for a capital gains exclusion, they could face a large tax bill. Absent an agreement that splits the tax burden between both spouses, 100% of the capital gains is likely the responsibility of the spouse who received the home, leaving them with an unexpected financial burden and reduced financial benefit from the property..

3. Survivor Benefit Plan (SBP) Payments and Taxes

For military families, the Survivor Benefit Plan (SBP) is a valuable asset that provides income to a former spouse if the service member passes away. However, it’s important to understand that SBP payments are considered taxable income for the beneficiary. This means that the former spouse receiving SBP payments will need to report them as income on their tax returns and will owe taxes on those payments.

The cost of the SBP premium is deducted from the service member’s military retirement pay, and the beneficiary receives up to 55% of the service member’s retirement pay upon their death. While the SBP provides critical financial security for former spouses, the tax implications must be carefully considered as part of the overall settlement.

4. The Importance of Consulting a Tax or Financial Professional

Navigating the tax implications of dividing marital assets is complex, and it’s crucial to understand how pre-tax retirement accounts, real estate, and military benefits like the SBP are treated under tax law. Working with a tax or financial professional ensures that you fully understand the tax consequences of any asset division and avoid potential pitfalls that could impact your financial future.

Our firm, with its focus on military divorces, has extensive experience in handling these complex issues and can work with your tax advisor to ensure your divorce settlement addresses both the legal and tax considerations of your unique situation.

Call to Action

For personalized advice on dividing marital assets and understanding the tax implications in your military divorce, contact us today at 301-952-9000 or use our online scheduling link (CLICK HERE) to set up a consultation.

Disclaimer: This blog is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Reading this blog does not create an attorney-client relationship. For specific legal or tax advice, please consult a qualified attorney or tax professional.

Still Have Questions?

Contact us